×

Happy to Help!

This website doesn't store cookies. Enjoy the experience, without worrying about your data!

Great, thanks!

What is Car HUD market potential? Answers from the global research reports

  • 0

What is Car HUD market potential? Answers from the global research reports

Car Hud Banner

.

Car Heads-up Display is a remarkable innovation – it’s useful, mitigates distraction and looks cool. While offering enhanced safety and convenience with its accessible display, Car HUD also offers one of the most sought-after qualities in today’s world: connectivity with your cellphone.

This all-round experience lets users make, reject and answer phone calls, read messages, access media and apps through their car dashboard or windshield. Hence mitigating driver distraction

The Car HUD system also offers new revenue streams for OEMs and Suppliers by enabling data and media consumption through an in-car platform instead of cell-phones or other hand-held devices. This shift in mode of consumption also provides access to driver behaviour data to OEMs’ and Suppliers.

Advantages of the Heads Up Display for cars

Car Hud DahsboardIs the Heads Up Display just another gizmo that does nothing more than the dashboard? Research conducted at the Technical University of Munich reveals exactly what the HUD offers:

The research team evaluated the “eyes off road” time’that’s the visual demand or interference experienced when performing secondary tasks such as using the phone or radio while driving.

 

  • In low-speed situations, the eye off road time was reduced by 15-20% as compared to traditional displays.
  • In high speed situations, the reduction in “eyes off road” time went up to 25%!

Conclusively, the HUD projects information efficiently (within the driver’s viewing range) and makes it easier to access, thus enhancing safety significantly.

How does the Head-up Display reduce distraction yet let the driver access data?

Car Hud Voice ControlThe HUD displays real time driving data coupled with road signs and lane departure alerts as it continuously monitors the set safety parameters. But the ability to reduce distraction comes by enabling ‘touch less commands.’ Integrated gesture control and voice recognition modules allow the driver to a hands-free experience without distractions.

Users can attend or reject, or even make calls using simple hand motions or voice commands. Messages can be opened and replied to by simply narrating the response.

A microphone picks up the voice from the user,and directs it to a voice recognition engine which processes it.

Operations are performed once the predefined command key words are identified. The commands are recognised and interpreted using the data dictionary to perform the actions which can be as simple as saying “Answer the call” or “Reject”.

The voice recognition module also consists of a speaker, used for voice output for navigation and during calls. Similarly, gestures such as swipes and waves are picked up the infrared camera or gesture control sensor.

Head-Up Display market: what is the potential for growth?

In 2012, the sales of the HUD were found to be 1.2 million units. IHS Automotive, that provides business insights on the automotive industry, has predicted sales to reach 9.1 million units by 2020.

Future Market Insights (FMI) predicts a healthy double-digit CAGR of 23.2% in terms of value and 30.6% in terms of volume for the global car HUD market in its assessment report for 2015-2025.

The FMI report has further analysis: the windshield segment dominated the automotive market in 2014, trumping the market for combiners. This preference for windshield display is expected to stay, says the report.

Head-up Display installations – market segmentation by car type

Amongst the types of cars, there has been a noticeable demand for the car HUD in premium vehicles. But as per FMI, the SUV and sports cars segments will see a steady rise in CAGR in the coming years, so we can safely say the usage of the car HUD is spreading.

Different research sources have found Europe to be the recent and current popular destination for the car HUD, but they are also agreed on the APAC region witnessing the highest CAGR in terms of value as well as volume in the coming years.

A Markets & Markets report states that the market in APAC is expected to grow at the highest CAGR of 28.62% by 2020. This growth is attributed to the increased penetration of luxury cars and the rising purchasing power in growing in countries such as China and Japan.

The challenges in Car HUD development

As technology that has been used fighter jets, developing the Heads Up Display is no small task. Intensive R&D efforts go into creating a high-quality product that delivers a top notch UX, therefore it requires significant expertise, time and monetary investment.

When commissioning Car HUD development for cars, an OEM or supplier should be prepared for heavy investment and an extended time to market.

Embitel offers a production-ready design of the HUD, developed using our experience in automotive infotainment systems and cloud-mobility engineering.

With a reference design of Car HUD system, time for developing advanced features and customization is reduced considerably (down to 6 months from an average of 2.5 years). Needless to say, this means a reduced development cost too.

The Head-up Display for Cars is a new age product that offers safety, convenience and style. Few vendors have the capability to develop this product, but automotive brands offering this product to end users enjoy the early bird benefit of satisfying customer needs and being on top of the game.


  • 0

What is On-Board Diagnostics (OBD) 2 Software Stack?

.

What is On-Board Diagnostics (OBD)?

A vehicle comprises a gamut of electronic control unit responsible for various functions. For example, an engine control unit manages every function related to the engine and powertrain system. For these ECUs to be fail-safe, they need to be constantly monitored for any faults that might hamper their performance. On-board diagnostics (OBD) is the system that performs this diagnosis and reports any trouble.

OBD-II is the latest version of on-board diagnostics. It monitors and tracks the vehicle’s performance by collecting various parameters from a network of sensors. These parameters are processed by the OBD system and are stored as diagnostics trouble code (DTC) when found beyond acceptable range.

Let’s understand by taking the example of an emission control system. If the vehicle is emitting CO at a higher rate than permissible, the sensor will send a signal to the OBD system. It will store this piece of information in the form of a DTC, specified in the OBD II protocol. Additionally, the OBD system will also switch on the malfunction indication light (MIL) to inform the vehicle user.

.

What is OBD II software stack?

In order to facilitate a standardized method of vehicle ECU diagnosis and correction of vehicle emission related malfunctions across the geographies, International Standards Organization (ISO) introduced ISO 15031 standard for automotive industry.

ISO 15031 is a standard for Communication between vehicle (OBD port/connecter, defined by SAE J1962) and external equipment (Diagnostic Tester) for emissions-related diagnostics

OBD 2 stack is a set of software specifications or services implemented based on ISO 15031 standard. This OBD II software stack is best suited for passenger car and light commercial vehicle applications

The OBD II stack comprises the following:

  • ISO 15031 standard compliant OBD services
  • ISO 15765 standard compliant CAN transport protocol (CAN TP) layer
  • VPW/PWM drivers to support OBD over J1850
  • Drivers for Kline, ISO 9141 and KWP 2000

OBD Stack

The following software architecture of OBD II protocol will help understand the protocol better.

CAN

Some of the communication protocols (other than CAN) available under OBD II spec:

SAE J1850: There are two variants of this protocol- J1850 PWM and J1850 VPW. The PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) protocol runs at 41.6 kbps. It utilizes OBD connector port pin numbers- 2,4,5,10 and 16.

The VPW (Variable Pulse Width) is slower at 10.4 kbps and utilizes pins- 2,4,5 and 16 of the OBD connector port.

ISO 9141-2 (K-Line): Some European, Asian vehicles implement this communication protocol in the vehicles. It is an asynchronous serial communication and runs at 10.4 kbps data rate. Pins 4,5,7,15,16 are reserved for this.

The image shows an OBD-II Connector:

OBD-II Connector

Pin 2 – J1850 Bus+

Pin 4 – Chassis Ground

Pin 5 – Signal Ground

Pin 6 – CAN High (J-2284)

Pin 7 – ISO 9141-2 K Line

Pin 10 – J1850 Bus

Pin 14 – CAN Low (J-2284)

Pin 15 – ISO 9141-2 L Line

Pin 16 – Battery Power

.

Types of in-vehicle communications

Vehicle communication can be broadly classified into two:

In-vehicle networking: This refers to exchange of data between various automotive electronic control units (ECU) which are part of the vehicle network.

Automotive Protocols like CAN (Controller Area Network), LIN (Local Interconnect Network), FlexRay, MOST (Media Oriented Systems Transport) are defined for in-vehicle network communication.

Usually this is a broadcast network and one can add listen-only nodes easily.

Vehicle Diagnostics/External communication: Vehicle Diagnostics communication is used for diagnosis and repair of vehicle sub-systems or ECU.

This type of communication is useful for monitoring and reporting of system malfunction monitoring and vehicle parameters. An external tool may be used to re-configure and re-flash the ECU to rectify the malfunction.

Vehicle Diagnostics is a query-response communication. The external tool asks for a particular information (diagnostic request) and the ECU (the control unit to which the query is directed) responds with the answer (diagnostic response)

For diagnostic communication, the physical medium (also known as the signaling protocol) is same as the medium used for in-vehicle communication – CAN, LIN, Flexray, MOST.

Additionally, there are also dedicated protocols like K-Line, J1850 (VPW, PWM) and more that work on serial link. Over these physical layers, diagnostics applications are implemented as per the protocol standards like KWP2000 (ISO 14230), UDS (ISO 14229).

In passenger cars protocols like KWP2000 (ISO 14230) and UDS (ISO 14229) are used as signaling protocols/physical layers, but what data is sent and what conversion factors are used is proprietary to the vehicle OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer).

Thus, it is not easy to get access to the vehicle data unless one has been granted access by the automotive OEM.

.

OBD II protocol and Vehicle Diagnostics Communication:

OBD II qualifies as a protocol for vehicle diagnostics communication (query-response communication).

OBD II is a part of emission legislation. Hence it follows the CARB (California Air Resources Board) initiated protocol mandates. OBD II protocol monitors parameters in emission relevant ECUs as per the guidelines of CARB.

OBD II also follows CARB guidelines for data storage and data accessibility to be provided to the external scan tools.

Diagnostic protocols like UDS and KWP2000 support re-configuration and re-flashing of ECU (writing to EEPROM and Flash), but OBD II supports only read access.

The external scan tool requirements (defined in ISO 15031) mandate that the following modes should be supported:

Diagnostic services ISO 15031

Using Mode $01 and $09, several vehicle parameters become accessible to any external scan tool and the data format is also standardized.

.

Details of OBD II implementation over physical layers/signaling protocols

OBD protocol has witnessed several revisions (versions update) over the years. Hence OBD protocol still supports various legacy physical layers.

Most of the modern vehicle models implement OBD II over CAN.

Legacy protocols are J1850 (2 variants – PWM, VPW), K-Line and ISO9141-2. Once communication is established in one of the medium, OBD supports query-response communication.

Following are the hardware and software modules for OBD implementation:

 

OBD module Hardware Software
OBD services NA ISO 15031
OBD over CAN CAN support in microcontroller

CAN transceiver

ISO15765 (CAN TP layer)
OBD over J1850 (VPW/PWM) PWM support in microcontroller

J1850 transceiver

PWM driver

VPW/PWM driver based on J1850 standard

OBD over K-Line UART support in microcontroller

K-Line/ISO9141 transceiver

UART driver

K-Line driver (based on ISO14230)

OBD over ISO9141-2 UART support in microcontroller

K-Line/ISO9141 transceiver

UART driver

ISO9141-2 driver

 

.

Auto protocol detection is possible to identify which protocol is supported by the vehicle

.

OBD Challenges/Limitations

  • Data available over OBD port (OBD connector) is related to powertrain and emission ECUs’. Hence access to body control data like seat belt status, airbag status and more is not available
  • Data is available only in query-response mechanism
  • OEMs have option to define proprietary DTCs (Diagnostic Trouble Codes) and not make it available in the public domain. It is also observed that some vehicle parameters are not supported in certain vehicle models. These can lead to compatibility issues
  • OBD supports only read-access to emission relevant data (vehicle parameters, DTCs). There is no support for write-access to data for reprogramming or test sensors/actuators. Hence it is not easy to monitor and rectify malfunction related to vehicle functionality (for example engine immobilizer) using OBD communication.

Despite the limitations, OBD is the only option to support vehicle diagnostics applications for a wide range of passenger cars/after-market products already on road.

OBD II is very critical for integrating connected car and telematics solutions for millions of vehicles already on road.

 

OBD2 diagnostic software development:

 

Diagnostic Software development for ECU applications

  • CAN, J1850. K-Line based OBD2 implementation
  • PID and OBD modes implementation
  • OBD2 diagnostic software integration with ECU software

OBD2 diagnostic solutions for After-market products

  • OBD2 diagnostic software development and integration services
  • OBD2 diagnostic services development for vehicle data access

OBD2 solutions for vehicle parameter collections

  • OBD2 software design and development services for on-road vehicles
Send us your Queries